求教：关于“瑞典大马士革”

x_cat

今天坛子上有个朋友告诉我，瑞典大马士革不是锻打钢，是单纯粉末冶金的产物。
回忆了下以前看的金属加工类书籍，记得粉末冶金的原理是这样的：“粉末冶金是制取金属或用金属粉末（或金属粉末与非金属粉末的混合物）作为原料，经过成形和烧结，制造金属等材料”，也就是说粉末冶金是把金属粉末和粘和剂在巨大的压力下成型后，再烧结而成。比如硬质合金。
至少在我的理论接受范围之内，单纯的粉末冶金技术，最多能生产出制造瑞典大马士革所需要的基础——单一结构的钢板（相对于2种钢材来说）。再使用锻打（或高温高压固结）、热挤压之类的处理方式，最终形成大马士革这种钢材。

那个说瑞典大马士革是直接用粉末冶金技术制作的家伙已经被我用“你丫又没用粉末冶金做过大马士革，没发言权”的理由禁止在我QQ上不停JY了。

偶在这里想请问的是，粉末冶金能自动形成如此多样的花纹？瑞典大马士革，难道会神奇到只需要粉末冶金的步骤，也就是说只是把金属粉末和粘和剂烧结成形。不需要用任何高温高压无氧固结、锻打、冷/热挤压等锻打或类似于锻打的处理方法，就能获得这种“大马士革”钢材么？
欢迎拍砖

[ 本帖最后由 x_cat 于 2007-6-20 20:00 编辑 ]

混子·

也向了解DAMASTEELFAN这种钢材 请介绍介绍

langlang

粉末冶金是借鉴现代陶瓷材料的成形方法在本世纪30年代以后逐渐形成的,虽然有很多优点,但由于粉末之间作用力强，流动性差，因而存在密度低以及成形压力大而造成不能形成复杂形状制品,目前都根据粉末在聚合物粘结剂中自发分散的热力学判据原理来进行金属加工的,至于刀具制成原理是一样的,像大马士革钢材直接采用粉末冶金技术制造从理论上就不可能,其实中国宁波就有很好的粉末冶金企业,东睦股份是亚洲地区最大的粉末冶金生产企业,大家看看汽车、摩托车、电动工具、工程机械、办公机械等机械能用零部件就知道粉末冶金做出的东西是什么样的了,像大马士革钢吗

人在旅途

据我所知，单纯用粉末冶金应该不能生产大马士革钢。粉末冶金基本步骤就是混粉，压制以及随后烧结或HIP或HP或粉末直接扎制。这些方法都应该无法直接生产大麻。

andyz

是用两种粉末分层交替叠加，然后烧结。见： http://www.machinedesign.com/ASP ... SelectedArticle.asp

To create damascene patterned steels using RSP requires that two powder grades be carefully placed into the steel capsules in a laminated or mosaic pattern cross section. Most modern steels can be used to create RSP Damascus. The choice of components is based on the following principles:

Chemical composition of both components must correspond to standard industry-grade steels. Machining qualities and heat treatment for each alloy must also be similar.
The easily diffusible elements, carbon and nitrogen, must not be accumulated in one of the steels. Both steels must have the same carbon-nitrogen potentials in all hotworking temperatures. Otherwise the properties will vary out of control.
The transformation temperatures must be similar. If the components harden at different temperatures there is a risk of deformations and dimensional errors.
The deformation stresses at forging must be similar. Differences too large result in increased hardness and cracks.
Alloy chemistry must differ so each alloy responds differently to the etching bath. One alloy must have galvanic protection from the other metal.
The best combinations of RSP alloys for many applications (hunting and cutlery knives, jewelry, decorative iron-work, gun-receiver hardware, golf putters, axes, and door handles) include 936 martensitic stainless-steel and 958 austenitic stainless-steel Series.

The 936 Series is made from RWL 34 (1.05% C, 14% Cr, 4% Mo and 0.2% V) and PMC 27 (0.6% C and 13.5 Cr) alloys. This RSP damascene steel can be hardened to a maximum of 3HRC over conventional steels without losing toughness (measured as fracture energy in both compressive and bed loaded edge). The material is, however, sensitive to overheating when forged at 1,920 to 2,120°F. That's because the material starts to melt at 2,230°F.

Electrical or gas-fired furnaces are recommended to better control forging temperatures. Compared to normal lowalloy carbon steels, the martensitic RSP stainless steels have higher, almost double deformation stresses. Hand forging must, therefore, take place on relatively small dimensions. Long heating times can also damage the material because of decarburization and scale formation. And slow cooling after hot working prevents crack formation at the martensitic formation temperature (400°F). Because of the cracking risk, no cutting or machining should be done after hot working until the material is annealed for 5 hr at 1,380 to 1,440°F.

Austenitic 958 damascene steel is an alternative to silver. It has good corrosion resistance and is made from two nonhardenable steel grades (316L and 304L) welded together in more than 100 layers. Typical applications include table cutlery, jewelry, and decorative ironwork.

For damascene-steel gun barrels there are two series. The first, 926, are low-alloy hardenable (300 and 400 HRB) carbon steels made from AISI 4140 (0.4% C, 1% CR, and 0.2% Mo) and AISI 4340 (0.4% C, 1% Cr, 0.2% Mo, and 0.2% Ni) alloys. They are designed for bluing and browning operations. The second, 968, are hardenable (300 and 400 HRB) stainless steels made from AISI 416 (0.22% C, 13% CR, and 0.2% S) and AISI 431 (0.23% C, 16% Cr, and 3% Ni) alloys that work well for etched-pattern designs.

[ 本帖最后由 andyz 于 2007-6-21 08:33 编辑 ]

工特

猫去DIY版翻大麻迷的帖子,或者直接发贴问.时兄人很好,知识渊博.

人在旅途

分层叠加形成规则的花纹是可行的。但是要形成多种多样的花纹，估计得后续处理。

鬼丸国纲

差距应该不大的吧

cnhanhan

以后用大马做汽车零件,一定畅销

人在旅途

分层叠加烧结肯定是可以的，功能梯度材料就可以这样做。但是要什么玫瑰纹之类的，需要后续的锻打，扭转等等冷热加工。具体某种花纹后续工艺肯定不一样。
也可以把两种钢锻打焊接之后再扭转之类的后续处理。总之是两种不同的材质先整合到一起，再作为整体进行一些后续处理得到不同的花纹。

64177741

挺深奥的哦